Pìoba tàthaichte shnìomhanach GBT9711-2011 Airson loidhne uisge fon talamh
Cruinneas pìob tàthaichte shnìomhanach:
Tha pìob tàthaichte shnìomhanach na fheart iongantach de innleadaireachd air a chomharrachadh le measgachadh de neart, seasmhachd agus cosg-èifeachdas.Tha na pìoban sin air an dèanamh le bhith a’ cleachdadh an teicneòlas as ùire agus bidh iad a’ dol tro phròiseas saothrachaidh mionaideach.A 'tòiseachadh le stàilinn coiled, tha na stiallan air an unrolladh agus a' dol tro shreath de rolairean a bhios gan lùbadh mean air mhean gus snìomhach a chruthachadh.Tha na h-oirean an uairsin air an tàthadh ri chèile, a’ dèanamh cinnteach gu bheil na claisean leantainneach agus làn-amalaichte.
Trast-thomhas a-muigh ainmichte (D) | Tighead balla sònraichte ann am mm | Cuideam deuchainn as ìsle (Mpa) | ||||||||||
Ìre stàilinn | ||||||||||||
in | mm | L210(A) | L245(B) | L290(X42) | L320(X46) | L360(X52) | L390(X56) | L415(X60) | L450(X65) | L485(X70) | L555(X80) | |
8-5/8 | 219.1 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 9.9 | 11.0 | 12.3 | 13.4 | 14.2 | 15.4 | 16.6 | 19.0 |
7.0 | 8.1 | 9.4 | 13.9 | 15.3 | 17.3 | 18.7 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
10.0 | 11.5 | 13.4 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
9-5/8 | 244.5 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 10.1 | 11.1 | 12.5 | 13.6 | 14.4 | 15.6 | 16.9 | 19.3 |
7.0 | 7.2 | 8.4 | 14.1 | 15.6 | 17.5 | 19.0 | 20.2 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
10.0 | 10.3 | 12.0 | 20.2 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
10-3/4 | 273.1 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 9.0 | 10.1 | 11.2 | 12.1 | 12.9 | 14.0 | 15.1 | 17.3 |
7.0 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 12.6 | 13.9 | 15.7 | 17.0 | 18.1 | 19.6 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
10.0 | 9.2 | 10.8 | 18.1 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
12-3/4 | 323.9 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 9.4 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 11.8 | 12.7 | 14.6 |
7.0 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 10.7 | 11.8 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 15.2 | 16.5 | 17.8 | 20.4 | ||
10.0 | 7.8 | 9.1 | 15.2 | 16.8 | 18.9 | 20.5 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
(325.0) | 5.0 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 9.4 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 11.8 | 12.7 | 14.5 | |
7.0 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 10.6 | 11.7 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 15.2 | 16.5 | 17.8 | 20.3 | ||
10.0 | 7.8 | 9.0 | 15.2 | 16.7 | 18.8 | 20.4 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
13-3/8 | 339.7 | 5.0 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 10.4 | 11.3 | 12.1 | 13.9 |
8.0 | 5.9 | 6.9 | 11.6 | 12.8 | 14.4 | 15.6 | 16.6 | 18.0 | 19.4 | 20.7 | ||
12.0 | 8.9 | 10.4 | 17.4 | 19.2 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
14 | 355.6 | 6.0 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 13.9 | 15.9 |
8.0 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 11.1 | 12.2 | 13.8 | 14.9 | 15.9 | 17.2 | 18.6 | 20.7 | ||
12.0 | 8.5 | 9.9 | 16.6 | 18.4 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
(377.0) | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 7.8 | 8.6 | 9.7 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 12.2 | 13.1 | 15.0 | |
8.0 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 13.0 | 14.1 | 15.0 | 16.2 | 17.5 | 20.0 | ||
12.0 | 8.0 | 9.4 | 15.7 | 17.3 | 19.5 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
16 | 406.4 | 6.0 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 10.4 | 11.3 | 12.2 | 13.9 |
8.0 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 9.7 | 10.7 | 12.0 | 13.1 | 13.9 | 15.1 | 16.2 | 18.6 | ||
12.0 | 7.4 | 8.7 | 14.6 | 16.1 | 18.1 | 19.6 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
(426.0) | 6.0 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 8.6 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 11.6 | 13.3 | |
8.0 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 9.3 | 10.2 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 14.4 | 15.5 | 17.7 | ||
12.0 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 13.9 | 15.3 | 17.2 | 18.7 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
18 | 457.0 | 6.0 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 8.0 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 10.0 | 10.8 | 12.4 |
8.0 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 8.6 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 11.6 | 12.4 | 13.4 | 14.4 | 16.5 | ||
12.0 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 12.9 | 14.3 | 16.1 | 17.4 | 18.5 | 20.1 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
20 | 508.0 | 6.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 9.6 | 10.3 | 11.8 |
8.0 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 11.1 | 11.8 | 12.8 | 13.7 | 15.7 | ||
12.0 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 12.3 | 13.6 | 15.3 | 16.6 | 17.6 | 19.1 | 20.6 | 20.7 | ||
16.0 | 7.9 | 9.3 | 16.4 | 18.1 | 20.4 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
(529.0) | 6.0 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 11.3 | |
9.0 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 8.9 | 9.8 | 11.0 | 11.9 | 12.7 | 13.8 | 14.9 | 17.0 | ||
12.0 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 11.8 | 13.1 | 14.7 | 15.9 | 16.9 | 18.4 | 19.8 | 20.7 | ||
14.0 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 13.8 | 15.2 | 17.1 | 18.6 | 19.8 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
16.0 | 7.6 | 8.9 | 15.8 | 17.4 | 19.6 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
22 | 559.0 | 6.0 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.7 | 9.4 | 10.7 |
9.0 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 8.4 | 9.3 | 10.4 | 11.3 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.1 | 16.1 | ||
12.0 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 11.2 | 12.4 | 13.9 | 15.1 | 16.0 | 17.4 | 18.7 | 20.7 | ||
14.0 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 13.1 | 14.4 | 16.2 | 17.6 | 18.7 | 20.3 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
19.1 | 8.6 | 10.0 | 17.8 | 19.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
22.2 | 10.0 | 11.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
24 | 610.0 | 6.0 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 9.8 |
9.0 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 7.7 | 8.5 | 9.6 | 10.4 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 14.7 | ||
12.0 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 10.3 | 11.3 | 12.7 | 13.8 | 14.7 | 15.9 | 17.2 | 19.7 | ||
14.0 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 12.0 | 13.2 | 14.9 | 16.1 | 17.1 | 18.6 | 20.0 | 20.7 | ||
19.1 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 16.3 | 17.9 | 20.2 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
25.4 | 10.5 | 12.0 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
(630.0) | 6.0 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 9.5 | |
9.0 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 9.3 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 11.6 | 12.5 | 14.3 | ||
12.0 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 9.9 | 11.0 | 12.3 | 13.4 | 14.2 | 15.4 | 16.6 | 19.0 | ||
16.0 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 13.3 | 14.6 | 16.5 | 17.8 | 19.0 | 20.6 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
19.1 | 7.6 | 8.9 | 15.8 | 17.5 | 19.6 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | ||
25.4 | 10.2 | 11.9 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 |
Iom-fhillteachd airson cleachdadh gnìomhachais:
1. Gnìomhachas Ola is Gas:
Thathas a’ cleachdadh pìoban tàthaichte shnìomhanach gu farsaing ann an roinn na h-ola is gas air sgàth an comas seasamh ri fìor chuideaman agus suidheachaidhean àrainneachd cruaidh.Ann am pìoban còmhdhail, bidh na pìoban sin gu h-èifeachdach agus gu h-èifeachdach a’ giùlan ola agus gas nàdurrach thar astaran fada fhad ‘s a tha an strì an aghaidh creimeadh a’ dèanamh cinnteach à ionracas structarail fad-ùine.
2. Stiùireadh uisge agus uisge sgudail:
Airson solar uisge agus siostaman riaghlaidh uisge sgudail, tha pìoban tàthaichte shnìomhanach a’ toirt seachad fuasgladh earbsach.Tha an togail làidir aca a’ toirt cothrom dhaibh sruthan uisge le bruthadh àrd a làimhseachadh fhad ‘s a tha iad a’ cumail suas sgudal gu h-èifeachdach.A bharrachd air an sin, tha an strì an aghaidh creimeadh a’ dèanamh cinnteach à fad-beatha, a ’lughdachadh cosgaisean cumail suas agus a’ lughdachadh chunnartan àrainneachd.
3. Togail bun-structair:
Tha pàirt chudromach aig pìoban tàthaichte shnìomhanach ann an leasachadh bun-structair agus tha iad nam prìomh phàirtean ann an togail dhrochaidean, bunaitean càrnadh agus tunailean fon talamh.Air sgàth an neart structarail adhartach, tha iad comasach air seasamh an aghaidh luchdan troma, gnìomhachd seismic agus deuchainn ùine.Tha an sùbailteachd seo gan dèanamh air leth freagarrach airson taic a thoirt do phròiseactan bun-structair seasmhach agus tèarainte.
Buannachdan pìob tàthaichte shnìomhanach:
1. Neart agus seasmhachd:
Tha neart sàr-mhath aig pìob tàthaichte shnìomhanach agus faodaidh i seasamh ri cuideam, clisgeadh agus crith.Tha iad air an togail gus dèanamh cinnteach gu bheil cuideaman air an cuairteachadh gu cothromach air feadh fad na pìoba, agus mar sin ag àrdachadh iomlanachd structarail.
2. Frith-chreimeadh:
Tha deagh sheasamh aig pìoban tàthaichte snìomhach tro bhith a’ cleachdadh stuthan ghalbhanaichte no còmhdaichte.Leigidh an togalach seo leotha seasamh ri suidheachaidhean talmhainn creimneach, foillseachadh ceimigeach agus fìor dhroch shìde, gan dèanamh nam fuasgladh fad-ùine air leth freagarrach airson grunn thagraidhean.
3. Cosgais-èifeachdais:
Tha an comas pìob tàthaichte shnìomhanach a dhèanamh ann an àireamhan mòra agus ann am meudan mòra a’ lughdachadh cosgaisean saothair an taca ri dòighean saothrachaidh pìoba eile, ga fhàgail na roghainn cosg-èifeachdach airson pròiseactan malairteach is gnìomhachais.A bharrachd air an sin, tha na riatanasan cumail suas ìosal agus seasmhachd a’ cur ri comas obrachaidh eaconamach.
Ann an co-dhùnadh:
Ged nach eilear a’ coimhead thairis air gu tric, tha pìob le tàthadh shnìomhanach airidh air aithne airson cho sùbailte sa tha e ann an grunn thagraidhean gnìomhachais.Tha an neart, an seasmhachd agus an aghaidh creimeadh gan dèanamh nan roghainn earbsach airson pròiseactan bun-structair, a’ dèanamh cinnteach à ionracas fad-ùine.Ann an saoghal far a bheil earbsachd agus èifeachdas air leth cudromach, tha na h-iongantasan innleadaireachd sin a’ leantainn air adhart a’ toirt taic do agus ag adhartachadh roinnean deatamach leithid ola is gas, riaghladh uisge agus leasachadh bun-structair.